![]() As sleep expert Matthew Walker explains in Why We Sleep, “the recycle rate of a human being” is about 16 hours, after which “the brain begins to fail.” Sleep resets this recycle rate staying up throughout the night disrupts it.Ĭlinical research indicates that going 24 hours without sleep can result in impairments to your cognitive function equivalent to a blood alcohol level (BAC) of 0.10%. Sleep debt also does a number on your cognitive functions. Not to mention struggle with low energy levels (although there are ways to make the best of this, as you’ll see later). Unsurprisingly, you feel way groggier than usual the morning after your all-nighter. ( How much sleep do you need? Learn more here.)Įxcess adenosine in your system equals sleep debt. Not meeting your sleep need means your brain doesn’t go through the full adenosine purge. (The math: if you started your all-nighter with say 3 hours of sleep debt and missed your regular 8 hours of sleep, you’re now bogged down by 11 hours of sleep debt that you’ll need to pay back.)īut how does sleep debt make itself known physiologically? One way is through adenosine, a sleep-inducing chemical.ĭuring wakefulness, adenosine accumulates in your brain to build up sleep pressure, which is released during sleep. This will especially be the case if you carried sleep debt into the all-nighter. If you stay awake all night as well as the following day (or approximately 36 hours - the so-called second phase of sleep deprivation), your sleep debt (the amount of sleep you’ve missed relative to your sleep need, measured across 14 days) will be well in excess of the 5-hour threshold at which you're more or less functioning optimally. So, what happens to your sleep debt and body clock when you pull an all-nighter, then stay awake the next day? Sleep Debt Circadian rhythm (the internal body clock).Sleep debt (part of sleep homeostasis, more commonly known as sleep drive), and.If you’re new to this theory, it’s based on the two-process model of sleep, the dominant scientific theory that explains how sleep “works” and was first established by sleep scientist Alexander Borbély in the 1980s. We’ll look at what happens when you stay up all night and awake the following day using the Two Laws of Sleep. She also suggests that you keep healthy sleep habits to get a good night's rest limit over-the-counter drugs that have drowsiness as a side effect limit other substances that can cause tiredness, such as alcohol and talk to your pharmacist to see if it's possible to take the medication at night, when you're already preparing for sleep.What Happens When You Pull an All-Nighter? "Resolving the drowsiness may simply be a matter of adjusting the dose or changing the medication that's causing the drowsiness," says Dr. If your medication is causing excessive drowsiness or affecting your ability to drive or work, call your doctor. In some cases, your sleepiness will lessen over time, as your body adjusts. Carr recommends that you avoid activities that require alertness, like driving, until you find out how the medication affects you. If you're starting a new drug that may cause drowsiness, Dr. ![]() If you're taking several medications that can cause drowsiness, the side effects may add up and get worse. Drowsiness can also increase your risk of falling, which can lead to injury and disability, and it can affect your ability to drive safely. Risks of being drowsy?įeeling sleepy throughout the day can interfere with your quality of life, possibly hurting your performance at work or keeping you from participating in daytime activities. ![]() ![]() Many over-the-counter medicines may also make you drowsy, such as remedies for insomnia, allergies, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. Typical offendersĬommon culprits that cause sleepiness include antidepressants antihistamines, found in sleep aids or medicines that treat allergies anti-emetics, which are used to control nausea and vomiting antipsychotics and anticonvulsants, which can be used to treat seizures or depression drugs to treat high blood pressure, including alpha blockers and beta blockers benzodiazepines and other sedatives, which are commonly used for anxiety or insomnia drugs for Parkinson's disease muscle relaxants and opioids and other prescription pain medications. However, there are things you can do to minimize the feelings of daytime sleepiness," says Laura Carr, a pharmacist at Harvard-affiliated Massachusetts General Hospital. "Many people report tiredness or fatigue as a side effect from their medicines. One of the most commonly reported side effects of some medications is drowsiness. It may be as simple as adjusting the dose, avoiding alcohol, or taking the drug at a different time of day.
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